Exam 18: The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

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Calcium channel blockers inhibit the mov...

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A) atria are contracting.
B) blood is entering the ventricles.
C) AV valves are closed.
D) pressure in the ventricles remains constant.
E) pressure in the aorta remains constant.

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A) papillary muscles.
B) trabeculae carneae.
C) chordae tendineae.
D) interatrial septa.
E) coronary sulci.

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A) Coronary ischemia is a blood clot in the coronary vasculature.
B) Coronary ischemia is an air bubble in the coronary vasculature.
C) Coronary ischemia is a fatty mass of tissue that projects into the lumen of a vessel and restricts blood flow.
D) Coronary ischemia is a condition in which the blood supply of the coronary arteries is reduced.
E) Coronary ischemia is an irregular heart rhythm caused by an ectopic pacemaker.

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A) base.
B) apex.
C) inferior border.
D) right border.
E) left border.

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The anterior interventricular sulcus mar...

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A) the end-diastolic volume when the heart rate is 150 beats/minute
B) the end-diastolic volume when the heart rate is 60 beats/minute

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A) has a thicker wall.
B) is round in cross section.
C) pumps a greater volume.
D) contracts harder.
E) produces about four to six times more pressure when it contracts.

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A) Cardiac regurgitation is the flow of blood from the ventricles into the outflow vessels.
B) Cardiac regurgitation is the flow of blood back into the right and left atria from the veins.
C) Cardiac regurgitation is the flow of blood into the ventricles during atrial contraction.
D) Cardiac regurgitation is the backflow of blood into the atria when the ventricles contract.
E) Cardiac regurgitation is the backflow of blood into the ventricles from the outflow vessels when the ventricles relax.

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A) stroke volume
B) end-systolic volume
C) end-diastolic volume
D) afterload
E) preload

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A) base.
B) apex.
C) inferior border.
D) right border.
E) left border.

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An increase in sympathetic stimulation o...

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A) 30
B) 60
C) 20
D) 50
E) 25

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A) The cardioacceleratory center in the medulla oblongata activates sympathetic neurons to increase heart rate; the cardioinhibitory center in the medulla oblongata activates parasympathetic neurons that slow heart rate.
B) The cardioacceleratory center in the medulla oblongata activates parasympathetic neurons to increase heart rate; the cardioinhibitory center in the medulla oblongata activates sympathetic neurons that slow heart rate.
C) The cardioacceleratory center in the medulla oblongata activates sympathetic neurons to slow heart rate; the cardioinhibitory center in the medulla oblongata activates parasympathetic neurons that increase heart rate.
D) The cardioacceleratory center in the medulla oblongata activates parasympathetic neurons to slow heart rate; the cardioinhibitory center in the medulla oblongata activates sympathetic neurons that increase heart rate.
E) The cardioacceleratory center in the medulla oblongata activates somatic neurons to slow heart rate; the cardioinhibitory center in the medulla oblongata activates somatic neurons that increase heart rate.

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A) The first part of the statement is true but the second part is false.
B) The first part of the statement is false but the second part is true.
C) Both parts of the statement are true.
D) Both parts of the statement are false.

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A) closing of the pulmonary valve.
B) closing of the mitral valve.
C) opening of the mitral valve.
D) closing of the aortic valve.
E) opening of the aortic valve.

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A) Arteriosclerosis is any thickening and toughening of arterial walls; atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis characterized by changes in the endothelial lining and the formation of fatty deposits (plaque) in the tunica media.
B) Arteriosclerosis is a type of atherosclerosis characterized by changes in the endothelial lining and the formation of fatty deposits (plaque) in the tunica media.Atherosclerosis is any thickening and toughening of arterial walls.
C) Arteriosclerosis is a blood clot that narrows the passageways in coronary arteries and reduces blood flow.Atherosclerosis is a plaque that narrows the passageways in coronary arteries and reduces blood flow.
D) Arteriosclerosis is a partial blockage of coronary circulation usually caused by atherosclerosis.Atherosclerosis is characterized by changes in the endothelial lining and the formation of fatty deposits (plaque) in the tunica media.
E) Arteriosclerosis is a plaque that narrows the passageways in coronary arteries and reduces blood flow.Atherosclerosis is a blood clot that narrows the passageways in coronary arteries and reduces blood flow.

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A) 6,000
B) 15,000
C) 20,000
D) 50,000
E) 100,000

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