Question 1

Which substance has the greatest density?

Accepted Answer

A)   Warm fresh water
B)   Cold fresh water
C)   Ice
D)   Warm salt water
E)   Cold salt water

Question 2

Covalent bonds link a water molecule's

Accepted Answer

A)   positively charged oxygen atom and negatively charged hydrogen atoms.
B)   positively charged hydrogen atoms and negatively charged oxygen atom.
C)   positively charged oxygen atom and positively charged hydrogen atoms.
D)   negatively charged hydrogen atoms and negatively charged oxygen atom.
E)   It does not bond atoms.

Question 3

The addition of salt to fresh water to form salt water

Accepted Answer

A)   increases the density of the water.
B)   depresses the boiling point and elevates the freezing point.
C)   makes the temperature of maximum density increase.
D)   All of these are correct.
E)   None of these are correct.

Question 4

The pressure increase experienced by equipment lowered to a depth of 1000m is approximately

Accepted Answer

A)   10 atmospheres.
B)   100 atmospheres.
C)   1000 atmospheres.
D)   10,000 atmospheres.
E)   None of these are correct.

Question 5

Above a salt content of 24.7 g/kg, as temperature decreases

Accepted Answer

A)   the attenuation factor of light increases.
B)   the attenuation factor of light decreases.
C)   the depth of light penetration decreases.
D)   the depth of light penetration remains constant.
E)   the scattering of light in the water increases.

Question 6

Changes in water density in the oceans create

Accepted Answer

A)   sound shadows.
B)   light refraction.
C)   the sofar channel.
D)   All of these are correct.
E)   None of these are correct.

Question 7

The latent heat of vaporization is much greater than the latent heat of fusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

About how many calories are required to convert 2g of ice at 0 °C to water vapor at 50 °C?

Accepted Answer

A)   160
B)   670
C)   1340
D)   1180
E)   2768

Question 9

If a sound pulse is sent vertically downward into the sea and its reflected echo from the seafloor returns 6 seconds later, the depth of the water is _______ meters. (The average speed of sound in seawater is 1500m/sec.)

Accepted Answer

A)   3000
B)   4500
C)   6000
D)   9000
E)   12,000

Question 10

Which of the following does NOT happen to water when salt is added?

Accepted Answer

A)   Density decreases
B)   Boiling point increases
C)   Freezing point decreases
D)   All of these are correct.
E)   None of these are correct.

Question 11

________ is a measure of the total kinetic energy of the atoms and molecules in a substance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is a measure of the total...

Question 12

Which phase change reaction requires the most energy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Melting
B)   Freezing
C)   Vaporization
D)   Cooling
E)   Each requires the same amount of energy.

Question 13

The polarity of water molecules is responsible for all of the following, EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   cohesion.
B)   dissolving ability of water.
C)   surface tension.
D)   hydrogen bonding.
E)   covalent bonding.

Question 14

Water heated from below distributes the added heat by _____, whereas the still surface of water heated from above distributes the added heat by ______

Accepted Answer

A)   diffusion; diffusion and conduction
B)   diffusion; convection
C)   convection; diffusion and conduction
D)   conduction; convection
E)   conduction; diffusion

Question 15

The longer wavelengths of solar radiation above the band of visible light commonly penetrate the sea to depths greater than 10m.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Seawater with a salt content of 35g/kg has a freezing point

Accepted Answer

A)   above its temperature of maximum density.
B)   at its temperature of maximum density.
C)   below its temperature of maximum density.
D)   at 0 °C.
E)   None of these are correct; this water does not freeze.

Question 17

The ______ wavelengths of light penetrate deepest into the ocean.

Accepted Answer

A)   ultraviolet
B)   infrared
C)   red
D)   blue
E)   black

Question 18

Pressure increases by about 1 atm for every 10 m of depth in the ocean.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

When water is under great pressure, the density of the water decreases due to a decrease in volume.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

How many calories must be removed from 5g of pure water at 10 °C to convert the water to ice?

Accepted Answer

A)   20
B)   80
C)   450
D)   800
E)   1200

Exam 4: The Physical Properties of Water

The addition of salt to fresh water to form salt water

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Seawater with a salt content of 35g/kg has a freezing point

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pressure increases by about 1 atm for every 10 m of depth in the ocean.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many calories must be removed from 5g of pure water at 10 °C to convert the water to ice?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which substance has the greatest density?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The polarity of water molecules is responsible for all of the following, EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The longer wavelengths of solar radiation above the band of visible light commonly penetrate the sea to depths greater than 10m.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Changes in water density in the oceans create

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The latent heat of vaporization is much greater than the latent heat of fusion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which phase change reaction requires the most energy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Covalent bonds link a water molecule's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does NOT happen to water when salt is added?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is a measure of the total kinetic energy of the atoms and molecules in a substance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Above a salt content of 24.7 g/kg, as temperature decreases

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water heated from below distributes the added heat by _____, whereas the still surface of water heated from above distributes the added heat by ______

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pressure increase experienced by equipment lowered to a depth of 1000m is approximately

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When water is under great pressure, the density of the water decreases due to a decrease in volume.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ______ wavelengths of light penetrate deepest into the ocean.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

About how many calories are required to convert 2g of ice at 0 °C to water vapor at 50 °C?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a sound pulse is sent vertically downward into the sea and its reflected echo from the seafloor returns 6 seconds later, the depth of the water is _______ meters. (The average speed of sound in seawater is 1500m/sec.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Water heated from below distributes the added heat by _, whereas the still surface of water heated from above distributes the added heat by __

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