Question 1

In the secondary structure of ribosomal RNA, the regions of self-complementarity are highly ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the secondary structure of ribosomal RNA,...

Question 2

Which of the following does NOT apply to proteins synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

A)   Signal recognition particle
B)   Vesicular transport
C)   Signal sequence cleavage
D)   Continuous translation
E)   Docking protein

Question 3

Which of the following BEST describes the transport of nuclear proteins across the nuclear membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)   Simple diffusion
B)   An N-terminal targeting sequence that is cleaved during transport
C)   A targeting sequence that interacts with a carrier protein
D)   Vesicular transport followed by delivery via fusion with the nuclear membrane
E)   Co-translational transport using ribosomes attached to the membrane

Question 4

Differences between eukaryote and prokaryote translation include the 40S ribosome recognizing the ________ rather than a Shine-Dalgarno sequence and the N-terminal amino acid is ________.

Accepted Answer

7-methylgu...

Question 5

Nuclear encoded proteins destined for ________, chloroplasts or nuclei are synthesized in the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nuclear encoded proteins destined for ________, chloroplasts...

Question 6

The anticodon ends of tRNAs contact the ________ subunit and the acceptor ends contact the ________ subunit of the ribosome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The anticodon ends of tRNAs contact the...

Question 7

Which of the following applies only to prokaryotic proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)   Secreted proteins have signal sequences in their N-terminal regions.
B)   Some proteins are covalently modified after translation.
C)   Hydrophilic proteins are able to either traverse or become embedded in hydrophobic membranes.
D)   Some proteins are synthesized on polyribosomes.
E)   Translation is coupled to transcription.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   There does not need to be as many different tRNA types as there are codons.
B)   The modified bases in the tRNAs are added during transcription.
C)   The amino acid is attached at the 3' terminus of the tRNA.
D)   The 3D structures of all tRNA molecules are such that they fit equally well into the ribosome.
E)   tRNA exhibits unusual base pairing including single bases pairing with two others.

Question 9

Termination of translation occurs when a stop codon is translocated into the ________ site of the ribosome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Termination of translation occurs when a stop...

Question 10

Antibiotics that inhibit translation are useful because:

Accepted Answer

A)   the translational machinery of eukaryotes is sufficiently different to that of bacteria.
B)   microorganisms can develop resistance to other antibiotics.
C)   antibiotic resistance genes are often carried on plasmids rather than the bacterial chromosome.
D)   different antibiotics can inhibit different steps of translation.
E)   they do not cross the cell membrane in higher animals. A

Question 11

Peptide bond formation requires GTP hydrolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The genetic code is universal for all organisms and organelles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Translation is an RNA-directed process whereby amino acids are specified by ________ on the mRNA, which are complementary to ________ on aminoacyl tRNAs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Translation is an RNA-directed process whereby amino...

Question 14

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases do not contribute to the fidelity of translation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements about initiation of translation in bacteria is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   fMet-tRNAfMet is the only charged tRNA that can bind to the 30S subunit on its own.
B)   The formyl group is transferred to Met-tRNAfMet from 10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate.
C)   Three initiation factor proteins are required to bind the mRNA and the initiator tRNA to the 30S ribosome.
D)   Pairing between mRNA and rRNA places the initiation codon next to the P site in the ribosome.
E)   The complete 70S initiation complex ready to receive a second charged tRNA is assembled without any GTP hydrolysis.

Question 16

Termination of translation requires GTP hydrolysis and direct interaction of a release factor with a termination codon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Glycosylated proteins are synthesized on rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The bacterial Shine-Dalgarno sequence aligns the mRNA with the 16S rRNA to start translation at the correct position.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 19

The fusion of vesicles, from the Golgi complex, with specific membranes is facilitated by ________ protein pairs called t-SNARES and v-SNARES on membranes as well as cytosolic fusion proteins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fusion of vesicles, from the Golgi...

Question 20

Which of the following BEST explains the "wobble" hypothesis proposed by Francis Crick?

Accepted Answer

A)   The genetic code is degenerate in that most amino acids have more than one codon.
B)   The genetic code is ambiguous in that each codon can specify more than one amino acid.
C)   The anticodon can pair with any part of the corresponding codon.
D)   The 5' base of the anticodon can make non Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds with several different bases at the 3' position of the codon.
E)   Inosine can pair up with A, U, or C. D

Exam 25: Information Decoding: Translation and Post-Translational Protein Processing

In the secondary structure of ribosomal RNA, the regions of self-complementarity are highly ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does NOT apply to proteins synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following BEST describes the transport of nuclear proteins across the nuclear membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Differences between eukaryote and prokaryote translation include the 40S ribosome recognizing the ________ rather than a Shine-Dalgarno sequence and the N-terminal amino acid is ________.

Correct Answerverified7-methylgu...View AnswerShow Answer

Nuclear encoded proteins destined for ________, chloroplasts or nuclei are synthesized in the cytoplasm.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The anticodon ends of tRNAs contact the ________ subunit and the acceptor ends contact the ________ subunit of the ribosome.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following applies only to prokaryotic proteins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Termination of translation occurs when a stop codon is translocated into the ________ site of the ribosome.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antibiotics that inhibit translation are useful because:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Peptide bond formation requires GTP hydrolysis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The genetic code is universal for all organisms and organelles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Translation is an RNA-directed process whereby amino acids are specified by ________ on the mRNA, which are complementary to ________ on aminoacyl tRNAs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases do not contribute to the fidelity of translation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about initiation of translation in bacteria is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Termination of translation requires GTP hydrolysis and direct interaction of a release factor with a termination codon.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glycosylated proteins are synthesized on rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bacterial Shine-Dalgarno sequence aligns the mRNA with the 16S rRNA to start translation at the correct position.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

The fusion of vesicles, from the Golgi complex, with specific membranes is facilitated by ________ protein pairs called t-SNARES and v-SNARES on membranes as well as cytosolic fusion proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following BEST explains the "wobble" hypothesis proposed by Francis Crick?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

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Differences between eukaryote and prokaryote translation include the 40S ribosome recognizing the rather than a Shine-Dalgarno sequence and the N-terminal amino acid is .

Correct Answer
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7-methylgu...
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The anticodon ends of tRNAs contact the subunit and the acceptor ends contact the subunit of the ribosome.

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A

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Translation is an RNA-directed process whereby amino acids are specified by on the mRNA, which are complementary to on aminoacyl tRNAs.

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