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Exam 17: The Immune Response

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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What is usually required for B cell activation by an antigen?

A) other B cells
B) T cells
C) platelets
D) megakaryocytes
E) erythrocytes

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Question 42

Multiple Choice

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What is the physical sign that a person's immune system is involved in the proliferation of T cells in response to an infection?

A) The skin is reddened.
B) The lymph nodes in the region of the infection become enlarged.
C) The skin is bruised in the infected region.
D) The lymph nodes shrink because they are secreting so much material.
E) The temperature of the infected region decreases.

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Question 43

Multiple Choice

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The modified,harmless version of the tetanus toxin that is used to immunize infants is called a(n) _______.

Which cells are characterized by their possession of CD4 and CD25 surface markers?

The heavy chains of which class of antibody bind specifically to macrophage and neutrophil surface receptors,inducing these phagocytes to ingest the particle to which the antibodies are bound?

What is found on the surface of T cells?

In some cases,the light chains of autoreactive antibodies can be replaced by a new light chain encoded by an immunoglobulin gene that has been secondarily rearranged in a process called _________.

The heavy chains of which class of antibody bind and activate one of the complement system proteins,leading to the lysis of the bacterial cell to which the antibody molecules are bound?

Receptors on the surface of phagocytes that recognize certain types of highly conserved molecules that play essential roles in viruses and bacteria are called _______.

_________ occurs when a specific antibody changes the heavy chain that the cell makes without changing the antigen-combining site of the antibodies synthesized.

Where do dendritic cells go once they have processed antigens and what do they do when they get there?

Who realized that a cowpox infection at an early age protected people against deadly smallpox infections? He had noticed that milkmaids were typically spared the ravages of smallpox.He turned this observation into vaccination by intentionally exposing a boy to cowpox to develop immunity and then later exposing the same boy to smallpox,which he survived.

Which of the following plays an important role in allergic reactions by binding to mast cell surfaces and what does that binding trigger?

Which antibodies are the predominant antibodies in secretions of the respiratory,digestive and urogenital tracts?

Which antibodies have no clear function?

_________ are pathogens that are capable of stimulating immunity while being genetically crippled so that they are unable to cause disease.

In what way does the character of the antibodies made during a secondary response differ from those made during the primary response?

What holds the small peptide fragments of an antigen at the surface of an APC?

What determines the specificity of an antibody?

MHC class II proteins are synthesized _____________.