Question 1

The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the

Accepted Answer

A)   concentration of H+ present in a solution.
B)   concentration of OH- present in a solution.
C)   total amount of all ions in a solution.
D)   ability of a solution to buffer.
E)   ability to dissolve in water.

Question 2

Glucose, C6H12O6, is best described as an)

Accepted Answer

A)   element.
B)   isotope.
C)   compound.
D)   ion.
E)   atom.

Question 3

Some insects can stride on the surface of water because water

Accepted Answer

A)   has a high specific heat.
B)   has lower density when frozen.
C)   is a good solvent.
D)   has surface tension.
E)   resists temperature changes.

Question 4

Which one of the following is the smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of an element?

Accepted Answer

A)   molecule
B)   proton
C)   atom
D)   compound
E)   electron C

Question 5

Which property of water causes sugar to dissolve in coffee?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrogen bonds are broken between neighboring water molecules.
B)   Water is less dense than ice.
C)   Water is a good solvent.
D)   Water is cohesive.
E)   Water is able to change states.

Question 6

All atoms of the same element have the same

Accepted Answer

A)   number of neutrons.
B)   atomic number.
C)   number of electrons.
D)   atomic mass.
E)   number of ions.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a property of water?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a good solvent.
B)   It is denser when frozen than when liquid.
C)   It is cohesive.
D)   It resists temperature changes.
E)   It can be found as a solid, liquid, or gas.

Question 8

Inside a living cell, which type of bond would be the most stable?

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrogen
B)   ionic
C)   covalent
D)   polar
E)   all bonds are equally stable in a living system

Question 9

Why do cells need buffering agents?

Accepted Answer

A)   to minimize the changes in pH of their internal environment
B)   to operate at a constant pH of 2.0
C)   to carry out life functions in extremely acidic conditions
D)   to help transfer electrons from one atom to another
E)   to increase the amount of OH- in their surroundings

Question 10

The subatomic particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom are the

Accepted Answer

A)   protons and electrons.
B)   neutrons and protons.
C)   electrons only.
D)   protons only.
E)   electrons and neutrons.

Question 11

Bases can

Accepted Answer

A)   release only hydrogen ions.
B)   take up only hydrogen ions.
C)   release only hydroxide ions.
D)   both take up hydrogen ions and release hydroxide ions.
E)   release hydrogen and release hydroxide.

Question 12

An atom that has an electrical charge is called an)

Accepted Answer

A)   ion.
B)   molecule.
C)   isotope.
D)   element.
E)   proton.

Question 13

Which of the following describes how an acid disrupts the chemical bonds of molecules in a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   The H+ ions can disrupt hydrogen bonds as the slightly negative portion of the molecule is more attracted to H+ ions than to the hydrogen that was part of the bond.
B)   The H+ ions can disrupt hydrogen bonds as the slightly positive portion of the molecule is more attracted to H+ ions than to the hydrogen that was part of the bond.
C)   The OH- ions can disrupt hydrogen bonds as the slightly positive portion of the molecule is more attracted to H+ ions than to the hydrogen that was part of the bond.
D)   The OH- ions can disrupt hydrogen bonds as the slightly negative portion of the molecule is more attracted to H+ ions than to the hydrogen that was part of the bond.
E)   The H+ ions disrupt the covalent bonds that hold the molecule together.

Question 14

An element has an atomic number of 78. The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom of the element are

Accepted Answer

A)   156 protons and 78 electrons.
B)   39 protons and 39 electrons.
C)   78 protons and 0 electrons.
D)   78 protons and 78 electrons.
E)   78 protons and 39 electrons.

Question 15

Chemical bonds involve

Accepted Answer

A)   the giving and taking of electrons.
B)   the giving and taking of protons.
C)   the giving, taking, or sharing of electrons.
D)   the giving, taking, or sharing of protons.
E)   the sharing of electrons.

Question 16

What do lemons, tomatoes, and coffee all have in common chemically?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are all foods that people consume.
B)   They all produce H+ ions in solution, making them acids.
C)   They all are fruits.
D)   They all taste bitter.
E)   They are all slippery to the touch. B

Question 17

In what ways are radioactive isotopes potentially harmful?

Accepted Answer

A)   Unmonitored release into the environment can make changes in a cell's DNA.
B)   They are used to trace molecular changes.
C)   They are used to destroy abnormal cells.
D)   They are used to determine the age of biological specimens.
E)   They are used to trace the path of materials throughout the body.

Question 18

Sulfur has an atomic number of 16. What would be the valence number of this element?

Accepted Answer

A)   One
B)   Two
C)   Three
D)   Four
E)   Six E

Question 19

The reactivity of an atom depends on the number of

Accepted Answer

A)   protons.
B)   neutrons.
C)   electrons.
D)   valence electrons.
E)   protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 20

Regarding atoms, identify which statement below is correct.

Accepted Answer

A)   An element may be composed of several types of atoms.
B)   The nucleus of an atom contains protons and electrons.
C)   The number and arrangement of electrons in an atom governs its chemical activity.
D)   The positive charges of an element are carried by the electrons.
E)   The neutral charges of an element are carried by the protons.

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose, C6H12O6, is best described as an)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some insects can stride on the surface of water because water

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is the smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of an element?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which property of water causes sugar to dissolve in coffee?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All atoms of the same element have the same

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a property of water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inside a living cell, which type of bond would be the most stable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do cells need buffering agents?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The subatomic particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bases can

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An atom that has an electrical charge is called an)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes how an acid disrupts the chemical bonds of molecules in a cell?

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An element has an atomic number of 78. The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom of the element are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical bonds involve

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do lemons, tomatoes, and coffee all have in common chemically?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

In what ways are radioactive isotopes potentially harmful?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sulfur has an atomic number of 16. What would be the valence number of this element?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

The reactivity of an atom depends on the number of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding atoms, identify which statement below is correct.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆, is best described as an)

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C

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B

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E

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