Question 1

A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from skeletal muscle cells.However,the muscles still function.Physicians find that

Accepted Answer

A)  the muscles contain large amounts of carbon dioxide following even mild physical exercise.
B)  the muscles contain large amounts of lactate following even mild physical exercise.
C)  the muscle cells cannot split glucose to pyruvate.
D)  the muscles require extremely high levels of oxygen to function.

Question 2

The mitochondrial cristae are an adaptation that

Accepted Answer

A)  carefully encloses the DNA housed within the mitochondrial matrix.
B)  increases the space for more copies of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase complexes.
C)  helps mitochondria divide during times of greatest cellular respiration.
D)  permits the expansion of mitochondria as oxygen accumulates in the mitochondrial matrix.

Question 3

During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate- level phosphorylation take place?

Accepted Answer

A)  the citric acid cycle
B)  oxidative phosphorylation
C)  glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
D)  glycolysis

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding glycolysis is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycolysis is considered to be an ancient metabolic system because it is the most efficient metabolic pathway for ATP synthesis.
B)  Glycolysis is considered to be an ancient metabolic process because it is not located in a membrane- bound organelle.
C)  Glycolysis is considered to be an ancient metabolic process because it does not require oxygen.
D)  Glycolysis is considered to be an ancient metabolic system because it occurs universally.

Question 5

If you were able to stop the process of cellular respiration after completing electron transport but prior to chemiosmosis,you would find the pH of a mitochondrion to be at its lowest

Accepted Answer

A)  on the inner membrane.
B)  in the mitochondrial matrix.
C)  in the intermembrane space.
D)  on the outer membrane.

Question 6

If you consume 1 g of each of the following,which will yield the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  fat
B)  protein
C)  starch
D)  glucose

Question 7

When a cell uses fatty acid for aerobic respiration,it first hydrolyzes fats to

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acids and sugars.
B)  glycerol and amino acids.
C)  glycerol and fatty acids.
D)  sugars and glycerol.

Question 8

When proteins are used as a source of energy for the body,the proteins

Accepted Answer

A)  are hydrolyzed to their constituent amino acids; electrons are stripped from the amino acids and passed to the electron transport chain.
B)  are hydrolyzed to glucose and converted to acetyl CoA,which enters the citric acid cycle.
C)  are converted mainly into intermediates of glycolysis or the citric acid cycle.
D)  are converted into glucose molecules,which are fed into glycolysis.

Question 9

Cyanide differs from dinitrophenol in that

Accepted Answer

A)  cyanide inhibits the production of ATP by inhibiting ATP synthase,while dinitrophenol causes mitochondrial membranes to become less permeable to H+ ions.
B)  cyanide makes the membrane of mitochondria leaky to H+ ions and prevents a concentration gradient from building up,while dinitrophenol blocks the passage of electrons through electron carriers.
C)  cyanide is highly toxic to human cells,while dinitrophenol is nontoxic.
D)  cyanide is an electron transport blocker,while dinitrophenol makes the membrane of the mitochondrion leaky to H+ ions.

Question 10

Which of the following is a result of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  a net loss of two ATPs per glucose molecule
B)  conversion of glucose to two three- carbon compounds
C)  conversion of NADH to NAD+
D)  production of CO2

Question 11

The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is

Accepted Answer

A)  C6H12O6 + energy -6 CO2+ 6 H2O + 6 O2.
B)  5 CO2 + 6 H2O -C5H12O6 + 6 O2 + energy.
C)  C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy.
D)  C5H12O6 + 6 O2 -5 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy.

Question 12

To obtain energy from starch and glycogen,the body must begin by

Accepted Answer

A)  removing one glucose at a time with a condensation reaction.
B)  converting both starch and glycogen to fatty acids.
C)  hydrolyzing both starch and glycogen to glucose.
D)  hydrolyzing the starch to glucose and the glycogen to amino acids.

Question 13

During cellular respiration,NADH

Accepted Answer

A)  is reduced to form NAD+.
B)  delivers its electron load to the first electron carrier molecule.
C)  is the final electron acceptor.
D)  is chemically converted into ATP.

Question 14

Some friends are trying to make wine in their basement.They've added yeast to a sweet grape juice mixture and have allowed the yeast to grow.After several days they find that sugar levels in the grape juice have dropped,but there's no alcohol in the mixture.The most likely explanation is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the mixture needs more sugar,because yeast need a lot of energy before they can begin to produce alcohol.
B)  the mixture needs more oxygen,because yeast need oxygen to break down sugar and get enough energy to produce alcohol.
C)  the mixture needs less oxygen,because yeast only produce alcohol in the absence of oxygen.
D)  the yeast used the alcohol as a carbon source.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the energy yield of aerobic respiration is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most of the ATP derived during aerobic respiration results from oxidative phosphorylation.
B)  Oxidative phosphorylation resulting from 1 glucose molecule yields about 12 ATP molecules.
C)  The total yield of ATP molecules per glucose molecule is about 32.
D)  Less than 50% of the chemical energy available in glucose is converted to ATP energy.

Question 16

The end products of glycolysis include

Accepted Answer

A)  citric acid.
B)  O2.
C)  acetyl CoA.
D)  NADH.

Question 17

The function of coenzyme A in the citric acid cycle is most like

Accepted Answer

A)  a frog that turns into a prince.
B)  a limousine driver dropping off a couple at the school prom.
C)  a kid jumping up and down on a trampoline.
D)  throwing a baited hook into a lake and catching a fish.

Question 18

Rotenone is a poison commonly added to insecticides.Insects exposed to rotenone will die because

Accepted Answer

A)  they will no longer be able to absorb water and will become dehydrated.
B)  they will no longer be able to perform anaerobic respiration.
C)  they will no longer be able to produce adequate amounts of ATP.
D)  high levels of fermentation products will build up in their bodies.

Question 19

The energy yield from the complete aerobic breakdown of a single molecule of glucose

Accepted Answer

A)  can vary depending on whether NADH passes its electrons to NAD+ or FAD.
B)  is always 32 ATP.
C)  increases as the supply of oxygen increases.
D)  is less than the yield from anaerobic respiration.

Question 20

As a result of glycolysis there is a net gain of ATPs.

Accepted Answer

A)  0
B)  36
C)  2
D)  1

Exam 6: How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

When a cell uses fatty acid for aerobic respiration,it first hydrolyzes fats to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The energy yield from the complete aerobic breakdown of a single molecule of glucose

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To obtain energy from starch and glycogen,the body must begin by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you consume 1 g of each of the following,which will yield the most ATP?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a result of glycolysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During cellular respiration,NADH

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some friends are trying to make wine in their basement.They've added yeast to a sweet grape juice mixture and have allowed the yeast to grow.After several days they find that sugar levels in the grape juice have dropped,but there's no alcohol in the mixture.The most likely explanation is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cyanide differs from dinitrophenol in that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a result of glycolysis there is a net gain of ATPs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding glycolysis is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate- level phosphorylation take place?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The end products of glycolysis include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from skeletal muscle cells.However,the muscles still function.Physicians find that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were able to stop the process of cellular respiration after completing electron transport but prior to chemiosmosis,you would find the pH of a mitochondrion to be at its lowest

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When proteins are used as a source of energy for the body,the proteins

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mitochondrial cristae are an adaptation that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rotenone is a poison commonly added to insecticides.Insects exposed to rotenone will die because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the energy yield of aerobic respiration is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The function of coenzyme A in the citric acid cycle is most like

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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